Circuit Diagrams

Circuit Designs & Schematics

Technical circuit diagrams for inductive pulse charging systems

Safety Warning

These circuits involve high voltages that can be lethal. Do not attempt to build or experiment with these systems without proper training, equipment, and safety precautions.Read safety guidelines first.

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Julian Perry's Inductive Pulse Charging System

Core design used in Open Science Framework studies

System Overview

Perry's system uses a switching circuit to rapidly interrupt current through an inductor coil, generating high-voltage flyback pulses that are directed to the battery through a rectification circuit.

Key Components

DC Power Supply (12-48V)
Switching Circuit (MOSFET/rotor)
Induction Coil (1-10 mH)
Fast Recovery Diode (>1kV)
Target Battery
Measurement Equipment

Operating Specs

Input: 12-48V DC
Pulse Voltage: 300-3000V
Frequency: 500Hz-10kHz
Duty Cycle: 0.1-10%
CoP: 1.5-12 (battery dependent)

Basic Circuit Topology


    +Vdc (12-48V)
      |
      |
   [Switch]---+
      |       |
      |       |
   [Coil L]  |
      |       |
      |    [Diode]---> To Battery +
      |       |
    GND      GND
      |
      +---------> Battery -

Switch: MOSFET, IGBT, or mechanical
Coil L: 1-10 mH, high current rating
Diode: Fast recovery, >1kV rating

Operation:
1. Switch ON: Current builds in coil, energy stored in magnetic field
2. Switch OFF: Magnetic field collapses rapidly
3. Flyback pulse generated: V = -L(di/dt)
4. Diode conducts high-voltage pulse to battery
5. Repeat at optimal frequency for battery

Note: This is a simplified schematic. Actual implementations include additional components for protection, tuning, and measurement.

Critical Design Considerations

Switch Protection

The switching device experiences high voltage spikes. Use TVS diodes or snubber circuits for protection. Ensure adequate voltage and current ratings.

Diode Selection

Use fast recovery or ultra-fast diodes. Slow diodes waste energy and generate heat. Voltage rating must exceed maximum flyback voltage.

Coil Design

Inductance value affects pulse voltage and energy. Higher L = higher V but slower di/dt. Experimentation required for optimal values.

Frequency Control

Variable frequency capability essential for finding Peak Response Frequency. Use microcontroller or 555 timer with adjustable frequency.

Rotor-Based Mechanical Switching

John Bedini's approach and modern variants

Mechanical switching using a rotating commutator provides a simple, robust method for creating pulses. This approach was popularized by John Bedini.

How It Works

Motor/rotor spins at controlled speed
Contacts on rotor alternately make/break circuit connection
Each break creates flyback pulse in coil
Frequency determined by rotational speed and number of contacts

Advantages

Simple, no complex electronics
Self-oscillating (powered by back-EMF)
Visual feedback on operation
Tolerant of voltage spikes

Disadvantages

Mechanical wear on contacts
Arcing at high currents
Limited frequency range
Requires periodic maintenance

Solid-State Implementation

Modern transistor-based approach

Solid-state switching using MOSFETs or IGBTs provides precise control, high reliability, and wide frequency range.

Typical MOSFET Driver Circuit


        +Vcc
          |
       [Load L]
          |
          +----[Flyback Diode]--> Output +
          |
      [MOSFET]
          |
        [Gate Driver] <--- PWM Signal (555/MCU)
          |
         GND

MOSFET: N-channel, Vds > 200V, Rds(on) low
Gate Driver: Fast switching, isolated if needed
PWM Source: Adjustable frequency 100Hz-50kHz

Advantages

Precise frequency control
No mechanical wear
Wide frequency range
Fast switching (nanoseconds)
Programmable duty cycle

Challenges

More complex circuit design
MOSFET can fail if overstressed
Requires proper gate drive
EMI/RFI generation

Perry's research uses both mechanical and solid-state approaches. Solid-state is preferred for research due to precise control and repeatability, but mechanical systems are simpler for beginners.

Measurement and Testing Equipment

Accurate measurement is critical for determining Coefficient of Performance. Required equipment includes:

Essential Equipment

•High-Voltage Probe: To measure pulse voltages safely
•Current Shunt: Precision current measurement
•Oscilloscope: View waveforms, timing, rise time
•Power Analyzer: Integrated energy measurement
•Battery Analyzer: Capacity testing equipment

Additional Useful Tools

•Thermocouples: Monitor battery temperature
•Data Logger: Record long-term measurements
•Frequency Counter: Verify switching frequency
•EMF Meter: Detect RF radiation

Example Bill of Materials

Components for a basic IPC system

Component	Specification	Notes
Power Supply	12-48V DC, 5-20A	Adjustable preferred
MOSFET	IRFP260, Vds 200V, Id 50A	Or equivalent N-channel
Gate Driver IC	IR2110, TC4420	Fast switching capability
Inductor Coil	1-10 mH, 5-20A	Custom wound or surplus
Flyback Diode	UF4007, 1kV, 1A	Fast recovery essential
PWM Controller	555 Timer or Arduino	Variable frequency output
Capacitors	Various, bypass & filtering	Voltage rated appropriately
Resistors	Various	Gate drive, current sense

Before Building Any Circuit

These are advanced projects involving potentially lethal voltages. Do not proceed unless you have:

Thorough understanding of electrical safety
Proper test equipment and protective gear
Experience with electronics and high-voltage systems
Adequate workspace with safety measures

Read Complete Safety Guidelines